Changes and clinical significance of erythrocyte lifespan in megaloblastic anemia / 中华内科杂志

Objective: To investigate the lifespan of erythrocytes in megaloblastic anemia (MA) patients. Methods: A prospective cohort study analysis. Clinical data from 42 MA patients who were newly diagnosed at the Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital from January 2021 to August 2021 were analyzed, as were control data from 24 healthy volunteers acquired during the same period. The carbon monoxide breath test was used to measure erythrocyte lifespan, and correlations between erythrocyte lifespan and laboratory test indexes before and after treatment were calculated. Statistical analysis included the t-test and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean erythrocyte lifespan in the 42 newly diagnosed MA patients was (49.05±41.60) d, which was significantly shorter than that in the healthy control group [(104.13±42.62) d; t=5.13,P=0.001]. In a vitamin B12-deficient subset of MA patients the mean erythrocyte lifespan was (30.09±15.14) d, and in a folic acid-deficient subgroup it was (72.00±51.44) d, and the difference between these two MA subsets was significant (t=3.73, P=0.001). The mean erythrocyte lifespan after MA treatment was (101.28±33.02) d, which differed significantly from that before MA treatment (t=4.72, P=0.001). In MA patients erythrocyte lifespan was positively correlated with hemoglobin concentration (r=0.373), and negatively correlated with total bilirubin level (r=-0.425), indirect bilirubin level (r=-0.431), and lactate dehydrogenase level (r=-0.504) (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Erythrocyte lifespan was shortened in MA patients, and there was a significant difference between a vitamin B12-deficient group and a folic acid-deficient group. After treatment the erythrocyte lifespan can return to normal. Erythrocyte lifespan is expected to become an informative index for the diagnosis and treatment of MA.

Difference in Nocturnal Erectile Function Between SRPE Patients and Normal People / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo compare the nocturnal erectile function between SRPE patients and normal people. MethodsFrom July 1st， 2019 to December 15th， 2022， a clinical comparative study was conducted on 29 SRPE patients （experimental group） and 58 volunteers （control group） who visited our urology department. The Rigiscan System was used to monitor sleep monitoring time， the number of nocturnal erections and the rigidity， duration and circumference growth of the penis when the erection reached 60%～79% and 80%～100%， respectively. The patients and volunteers were asked to make written records when they woke up， and then the total number of awakenings and the number of awakenings when the penis erection reached 60% and 80% were compared between the two groups. ResultsAge was eliminated by matching. There was no statistically significant difference in sleep monitoring time， rigidity， circumference growth and duration of the penis when the erection reached 60%～79% and 80%～100%. between the two groups. In terms of sleep， there was a statistically significant difference in the total number of awakenings between the two groups［3（2 ~ 4）vs 0（0 ~ 0），P<0.01］ .And the same was true for the number of awakenings when the penis erection exceeded 60%～79% ［1（0 ~ 1）vs 0（0 ~ 0），P<0.01］and 80%～100% ［2（1 ~ 3）vs 0（0 ~ 0），P<0.01］. ConclusionRigiscan monitoring showed that there was no difference between SRPE patients and normal male in nocturnal penile erection function. Painful awakening usually occurs when the penis erection reaches 60%～79% or 80%～100%， which reveals that SRPE may be caused by abnormal sensation of nocturnal erections or pain sensitivity in some of these patients.

Inhibitory mechanism of icariin against oxidative stress-induced calcification in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to observe the inhibitory effect of icariin against oxidative stress-induced calcification in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) and elucidate the molecular mechanism of icariin in inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-mediated atherosclerotic calcification, so as to provide new ideas for exploring the anti-atherosclerotic mechanism of Epimedii Folium. The VSMCs in rat thoracic aorta were subjected to adherent culture and then treated with the complete calcification DMEM containing high glucose and hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) for three weeks. The resulting calcified VSMCs were divided into different treatment groups. Icariin was added one week after calcification induction for protecting the VSMCs, whose viability was then detected using cell counting kit-8(CCK-8). Alizarin red-S staining was conducted to observe the calcification degree. The activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) in VSMCs was measured using the disodium phenyl phosphate substrate and the calcium content was measured by arsenazo Ⅲ method. The mRNA expression levels of ossification-related factors including osteocalcin(OC), osteopontin(OPN), Runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2), and type Ⅰ collagen(Col Ⅰa) were detected by real-time PCR. Western blot was carried out to determine the protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), Runx2, activating transcription factor 4(ATF4), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor(eIF)-2α. The results showed that H_2O_2 significantly induced the calcification of VSMCs, increased the ALP activity and calcium content in VSMCs, promoted OC, OPN, Runx2, and Col Ⅰa mRNA expression and Runx2 protein expression, and reduced α-SMA protein expression. The ATF4 protein expression and eIF2α phosphorylation were also elevated significantly. Icariin reversed the calcification of VSMCs induced by H_2O_2, inhibited ALP activity and calcium content in VSMCs, down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of OC, OPN, Runx2 and Col Ⅰa and Runx2 protein expression, and relatively up-regulated the expression of α-SMA. The expression of ATF4 and phosphorylation of eIF2α also declined significantly. All these have demonstrated that icariin inhibited VSMCs calcification by down-regulating the ossification-related factors and lowering ALP activity and calcium content in VSMCs. Besides, the down-regulation of Runx2 expression and the inhibition of ATF4 and eIF2α-mediated cellular calcification pathway in ERS might also be involved in such calcification-suppressing process.

miR-144-3p Inhibits the Invasion and Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Targeting IRS1 / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, influence cellular processes, and promote disease development. Variations in miRNA expression have been observed in many diseases, including hepatitis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of miR-144-3p on the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma by targeting recombinant insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1).@*METHODS@#The expression of miR-144-3p in patients with lung adenocarcinoma was queried through bioinformatics database. MirTarPathway was used to analyze the KEGG enrichment pathway of miRNA. The expression and plasmid transfection efficiency of miR-144-3p in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Transwell assay was used to detect the changes of cell invasion and migration ability in different groups. Bioinformatics determined the key genes (Hub genes) of miR-144-3p; Double luciferase target assay was used to detect the mutual binding of miR-144 and IRS1. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of IRS1 in different cell lines and the expression of after overexpression of miR-144.@*RESULTS@#The expression of miR-144-3p in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was decreased, qRT-PCR results indicated that the expression of miR-144-3p in lung adenocarcinoma cell A549 was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the overexpressed plasmid was successfully transfected (P<0.05). Overexpression of miR-144 decreased the ability of cell migration and invasion (P<0.05). The expression of IRS1 was up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Survival analysis showed that patients with lung adenocarcinoma with high IRS1 expression had a poor prognosis (P<0.05). Double luciferase assay results showed that miR-144 could specifically identify 3'-UTR of IRS1 and inhibit reporter enzyme expression (P<0.05). Western blot indicated that the expression of IRS1 was increased in A549 cells (P<0.05). After overexpression of miR-144, the expression level of IRS1 protein was decreased (P<0.05). Transwell experiment proved that miR-144-3p could inhibit invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells by targeting IRS1 (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#MiR-144-3p inhibits the invasion and migration of A549 cells through targeted regulation of IRS1, thus playing an anticancer role in tumors.

Effect of Epimedii Folium Total Flavonoids on Angiogenesis of Ischemic Myocardium in Rats After Acute Myocardial Infarction / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of total flavonoids from Epimedii Folium （TEF） on the angiogenesis of ischemic myocardium in rats after acute myocardial infarction （AMI） and discuss its molecular biological mechanism of attenuating myocardial ischemia and improving cardiac function. Method:AMI in rats was induced through the ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. All male SD rats were randomized into sham-operated group， model group， diltiazem group （10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）， and TEF low-dose and high-dose groups （100 and 200 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）， with 8 rats in each group. After modeling， rats in the diltiazem group and TEF groups were given corresponding doses of diltiazem and TEF， respectively， and those in the model group and sham-operated group received normal saline of equivalent volume， once a day for 7 days. After the administration， VisualSonics Vevo2100 imaging system was used to detect the cardiac structure and function and hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining to observe the histomorphological changes in myocardial ischemic area. Immunohistochemistry was employed to analyze the expression of CD31 and <italic>α</italic>-smooth muscle actin （<italic>α</italic>-SMA） in ischemic myocardium and Western blot to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor 2 （VEGF-R2） and phosphorylation of protein kinase B （Akt） in ischemic myocardium. Real-time PCR was applied to quantify the mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF）. Result:Compared with the sham-operated group， the model group demonstrated significant increase in left ventricular systolic diameter （LVIDs）， left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole （LVIDd）， left ventricular end-systolic volume （LVEVs）， and left ventricular end-diastolic volume （LVEVd）， significant decrease in End-systolic thickness of left ventricular anterior wall （LVAWs）， end-diastolic thickness of left ventricle anterior wall （LVAWd）， end systolic thickness of left ventricular posterior wall （LVPWs）， stroke volume （SV）， ejection fraction （EF）， fractional shortening （FS）， and cardiac output （CO）， obvious pathological changes in the ischemic myocardium， and plummet of the expression of CD31 and <italic>α</italic>-SMA （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， Akt phosphorylation level， protein level of VEGF-R2， and mRNA levels of VEGF and bFGF （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. High-dose TEF significantly alleviated the pathological changes of ischemic myocardium as compared with the model group. Moreover， TEF high-dose group showed significantly lower levels of LVIDs， LVIDd， LVEVs， and LVEVd， significantly higher levels of LVAWs， LVAWd， LVPWs， SV， EF， FS， and CO， higher expression of CD31 and <italic>α</italic>-SMA （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， and higher levels of VEGF-R2 protein， phosphorylated Akt， and VEGF and bFGF mRNA than the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:TEF can effectively improve myocardial perfusion in peri-myocardial infarction area and attenuate ventricular remodeling and heart failure after AMI by up-regulating the expression of bFGF， VEGF， and VEGF-R2 in ischemic myocardium following AMI and activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases （PI3K）/Akt/VEGF signaling transduction pathway which can promote angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium.

Decision regret analysis among Chinese patients receiving penile girth enhancement with acellular dermal matrix / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate decision regret among patients receiving penile girth enhancement with acellular dermal matrix (PGE with ADM) and to investigate the potential indicators for decisional regret so as to facilitate the decision-making process for this special group.@*METHODS@#In the study, 78 patients receiving PGE with ADM from Jun. 2016 to Jan. 2019 at Peking University People's Hospital and cooperative hospitals were eligible. Penile girth was taken by only one surgeon 1 week before surgery. Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD), international index of erectile function (IIEF) and a 10 cm long visual analogue scale named visualized penile image (VPI) were applied to measure psychological burden, erectile function and satisfaction with penile image respectively at the same time. All the patients were followed up for 3 months. Decision regret scale (DRS) was adopted for measuring decisional regret. Multivariate analysis of variance was applied to investigate the potential indicators for regret. Data analysis process was conducted with SPSS (version 24.0; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA).@*RESULTS@#Mean penile girth recorded before intervention was (8.29±0.30) cm and increased to (9.46±0.29) cm post surgery (t=76.28, P < 0.01). As for both subscales of HAD measuring psychological burden, a signi-ficant reduction in the mean score was seen, that is, 2.8±1.3 (t=19.28, P < 0.05) for anxiety and 3.0±1.2 (t=20.67, P < 0.05) for depression, respectively. The average score of VPI increased by 3.7±1.1 (t=30.63, P < 0.05). There was no significant change in the average score of IIEF measuring erectile satisfaction (t=1.60, P=0.11). Twenty-nine (38.2%) patients expressed regret to some degree, and the mean DRS score was 23.4±14.8. The scores of DRS correlated negatively with scores of visualized penis image (r=-0.348, P < 0.01), and positively with scores of anxiety (r=0.760, P < 0.01) and depression subscale (r=0.471, P < 0.01). The scores of DRS was irrelevant to those of IIEF (r=0.02, P=0.867). The patients with high annual income (> 120 000 yuan) and education level above undergraduate were more prone to experience decision regret after intervention (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#PGE with ADM did augment penile girth and lower psychological burden, the regret rate of which was acceptably low among the patients. High income and good education might indicate more post-operative regret. Additional decision-making aids should be offered to patients with high income and education level above high school.

Mechanism of DERL3 Affecting the Proliferation, Invasion and Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Derlin 3 (DERL3) is downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) samples. Its level is closely linked to lymphatic metastasis or distant metastasis rate in CRC patients. However, its biological behavior in lung adenocarcinoma were rarely reported. The aim of this study is to investigate the ectopic expression of DERL3 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and its effect on the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line to reveal the possible mechanism of invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.@*METHODS@#Lung adenocarcinoma microarray gene chip data included 3 cases of lymph node metastasis and 3 cases of lung adenocarcinoma tissue without lymph node metastasis. The GEDS and Kaplan-Meier plot queries the survival curve and expression level of DERL3. Western blot was used to detect the expression of DERL3 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. The efficiency of knockdown DERL3 gene was detected by Western blot assay. Transwell detected the number of cells passing through the basement membrane of the transwell. EDU assay detected cell proliferation ability. Western blot detected the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition related proteins E-cadherin and Vimentin.@*RESULTS@#The microarray gene chip results showed that compared with lung adenocarcinoma tissues without lymph node metastasis, 1,314 mRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis were up-regulated, 400 mRNAs were down (P<0.05). The expression of DERL3 increased in lung adenocarcinoma (P<0.05). The results of survival curve showed that the lung cancer patients with high expression of DERL3 with poor prognosis (P<0.05). Western blot results indicated that plasmid transfection was successful. Knockdown of DERL3 suppressed the ability of proliferation, invasion and migration in A549 cells (P<0.05). After knockdown of DERL3, the expression level of Vimentin was decreased, while E-cadherin expression increased (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Knockdown of DERL3 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of A549 cells.

Diagnosis and rational approach to emergency vascular surgery in the shadow of novel coronavirus pneumonia / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective@#To explore a safe, effective and rapid rescue method and key points for the management of vascular surgical emergencies in an area under guaranting Covid-19 (corona virus disease 2019) .@*Methods@#Under the guidance of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment guidelines , 4 cases of vascular surgical emergency patients admitted to our department from Feb 1 to Feb 10, 2020 were screened for COVID-19 and given emergency vascular surgical treatment.@*Results@#Two patients had acute thoracic aortic dissection, one patient had acute left foot ulcer with infection, one patient had severe carotid artery stenosis and frequent TIA. All patients were diagnosed quickly according to the three-level triage process. Endovascular repair (TEVAR) was performed in 2 cases, carotid stenting in 1 case, and left foot amputation in 1 case. Two patients running postoperative fever below 38℃ were safely excluded COVID-19 and cured. There were no other major morbidities nor mortality.@*Conclusions@#Under the COVID-19 prevention and control guidelines, the establishing of a comprehensive prevention and control system of patient-medicine-care-management helps to perform confine operation on vascular surgical emergency.

Systemic reactions to subcutaneous immunotherapy for bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in children and their risk factors / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the incidence of systemic reactions (SR) to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in children and their risk factors.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on 198 children with bronchial and/or allergic rhinitis. According to the presence or absence of SR and local reactions (LR) during SCIT, the patients were divided into two groups: SR (with SR and LR, n=31) and control (without SR or LR, n=142). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors associated with SR.@*RESULTS@#Among the 198 patients who received 8 157 injections of SCIT, 25 (12.6%) experienced SR (31 times, 0.38%), including grade I SR (18 times, 58%), grade II SR (10 times, 32%), grade III SR (3 times, 10%), and no grade IV SR. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that multiple sensitization with both food and inhaled allergens, specific IgE to dust mites (grade 6), total IgE (grade 6), and a history of LR were independent risk factors for SR (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#SCIT is a safe treatment for bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in children, with a low incidence of SR. Children with multiple sensitization with both food and inhaled allergens, a hypersensitive state (specific IgE to dust mites, grade 6; total IgE, grade 6), and a history of LR have an increased risk of SR to SCIT.

Effects of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in patients with diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveAt present, there are few reports on the therapeutic effect of probiotic supplements in patients with dietary-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in patients with dietary-controlled GDM.Methods122 pregnant women with dietary-controlled GDM who could control blood glucose less than 92 mg/dL through diet and exercise were selected from the Obstetrics Department in Bayannur Hospital from February to December 2018. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Probiotics Group (probiotic supplements containing bifidobacterium and lactobacillus) and Placebo Group (placebo capsules). 61 patients in each group were treated continuously for 4 weeks. The main evaluation index was the mean difference of fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) between the two groups, and the secondary evaluation index was the change of maternal weight after intervention.ResultsThe increase of fasting blood glucose [(0.59±6.42)mg/dL], fasting plasma insulin [(1.14±1.95)mIU/mL] and HOMA-IR (0.27±0.45) in the Probiotics Group after intervention were significantly lower than those in the Placebo Group [(4.78±7.47 mg/dL), (3.86±1.82) mIU/mL, (0.86±0.59)], and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05).ConclusionDuring pregnancy, probiotic supplements for four weeks in patients with dietary-controlled GDM can reduce fasting blood glucose and increase insulin sensitivity. Therefore, probiotic supplements can be used as adjunctive therapy for blood glucose control in patients with dietary-controlled GDM.

Effects of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in patients with diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveAt present, there are few reports on the therapeutic effect of probiotic supplements in patients with dietary-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in patients with dietary-controlled GDM.Methods122 pregnant women with dietary-controlled GDM who could control blood glucose less than 92 mg/dL through diet and exercise were selected from the Obstetrics Department in Bayannur Hospital from February to December 2018. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Probiotics Group (probiotic supplements containing bifidobacterium and lactobacillus) and Placebo Group (placebo capsules). 61 patients in each group were treated continuously for 4 weeks. The main evaluation index was the mean difference of fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) between the two groups, and the secondary evaluation index was the change of maternal weight after intervention.ResultsThe increase of fasting blood glucose [(0.59±6.42)mg/dL], fasting plasma insulin [(1.14±1.95)mIU/mL] and HOMA-IR (0.27±0.45) in the Probiotics Group after intervention were significantly lower than those in the Placebo Group [(4.78±7.47 mg/dL), (3.86±1.82) mIU/mL, (0.86±0.59)], and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05).ConclusionDuring pregnancy, probiotic supplements for four weeks in patients with dietary-controlled GDM can reduce fasting blood glucose and increase insulin sensitivity. Therefore, probiotic supplements can be used as adjunctive therapy for blood glucose control in patients with dietary-controlled GDM.

Diagnosis and rational approach to emergency vascular surgery in the shadow of corona virus disease 2019 / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To explore a safe, effective and rapid rescue method and key points for the management of vascular surgical emergencies in an area under guarantine against COVID-19(corona virus disease 2019).Methods:Under the guidance of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment guidelines , 4 cases of vascular surgical emergency patients admitted to our department from Feb 1 to Feb 10, 2020 were screened for COVID-19 and given emergency vascular surgical treatment.Results:Two patients had acute thoracic aortic dissection, one patient had acute left foot ulcer with infection, one patient had severe carotid artery stenosis and frequent TIA. All patients were diagnosed quickly according to the three-level triage process. Endovascular repair(TEVAR) was performed in 2 cases, carotid stenting in 1 case, and left foot amputation in 1 case. Two patients running postoperative fever below 38.5℃ were safely excluded out of COVID-19 and Cured. There were no other major morbidities nor mortality.Conclusions:Under the COVID-19 prevention and control guidelines, the establishing of a comprehensive prevention and control system of patient-medicine-care-management helps to perform confine operation on vascular surgical emergency.

MiR-204 inhibits invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells by targeted regulation of HNRNPA2B1 / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of miR-204 on the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer by targeted regulation of HNRNPA2B1.@*METHODS@#The bioinformatics database was used to obtain data of the expressions of miR-204 in breast cancer patients and the survival rate of the patients. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-204 in breast cancer cell lines. The expression vector GV369-miR-204 was used to overexpress miR-204 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Transwell assay was performed to detect the effect of miR-204 on the migration and invasion ability of the breast cancer cells. The key genes (hub genes) of miR-204 were determined by bioinformatics method. A dual luciferase assay was used to analyze the targeting relationship between miR-204 and HNRNPA2B1. The expression of HNRNPA2B1 in MDA-MB-231 cells after miR-204 overexpression was detected by Western blotting, and Transwell assay was used to examine the changes in the cell invasion ability.@*RESULTS@#The expression of miR-204 was decreased in both breast cancer tissues, and was significantly lower in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells than in MCF-10A cells ( < 0.05). The decreased expression of miR-204 was associated with poorer prognosis of breast cancer patients ( < 0.05). Upregulation of miR-204 in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of the cells ( < 0.05). Analysis of the data from the Starbase revealed that the expression of miR-204-5p was negatively correlated with the expression of HNRNPA2B1, and the expression of HNRNPA2B1 was increased in breast cancer patients ( < 0.05) in association with a poorer prognosis of the patients ( < 0.05). Dual luciferase assay demonstrated that miR-204 could bind to HNRNPA2B1 in a target-specific manner. Western blotting and Transwell assay showed that miR-204 significant inhibited the migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells by targeting HNRNPA2B1 ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#miR-204 expression is decreased in breast cancer tissues and cells, and its overexpression can inhibit the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells by targeted regulation of HNRNPA2B1.

Origin of medicinal Cannabis sativa and its early spread / 中草药

As the most widely used narcotics in the world, Cannabis sativa is also regarded as one of the earliest drugs that used by humans. Exploring the origin and early dissemination of C. sativa as medicine can shed light on the safe and effective usages of marijuana-derived drugs and the scientific development of the new medicinal value of C. sativa, which are of important social and ethical significances. Bencao archaeology and herbal textual research are dual evidence for herbalism studies. By integrating the evidence from archaeological remains and references of the early civilizations of the world, this study revealed the medicinal origin of C. sativa and its early expansion, and then in the context of the human cultural background, explored the factors driving the original spread of C. sativa as a medicine in Eurasia. The results showed that the medicinal origin of C. sativa was likely rooted in the original utilization of its psychoactive substance by ancient humans in traditional rituals, by inhaling the smoke from the burning of the psychoactive substance of C. sativa, which was likely to be the original mode of the use of C. sativa as a medicine. Also, based on the existing archaeological remains, the Yamnaya populations from early East Europe (3000 BC) were supposed to be the earliest human beings employing C. sativa for medical purposes. After originating from East Europe, medicinal C. sativa probably dispersed into the West Asia and Central Asia. Afterwards, it has spread into South Asia southward and into North Asia and East Asia northward with the Central Asia as the diffusion center. Indo-European populations were supposed to be the main human beings using the psychoactive substance of C. sativa, and there was a high degree of similarity between the routes of the expansion of the Indo-European language family and the course of early spread of C. sativa. In terms of the above two understandings, we suggested that the dispersal of the Indo-European populations probably have driven the early spread of C. sativa as medicine across Eurasia.

Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Oroxyli Semen by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Flavonoids,as the major constituents in Oroxyli Semen,had a variety of pharmacological effects against inflammation,infections,and oxidation. In this study,an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) method was established to analyze and identify the various flavonoids in Oroxyli Semen. Method:The separation was performed on an Kinetex-XB C18 column(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7 μm)with gradient elution,which was carried out with 0.1%formic acid acetonitrile as mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.25 mL·min-1,and the injection volume was 3 μL. Electrospray ionization source was in the negative ion mode. Target and non-target screenings were carried out by Peakview 2.2 and Masterview 1.0 software. Then the identification of target compounds were completed based on accurate mass,isotopic abundance ratio and MS/MS fragment,and the non-target compounds were determined according to literature reports and MS cleavage mechanism. Result:According to the high resolution MS spectra data,fragmentation ion information and retention time,36 peaks of Oroxyli Semen were identified, including 10 flavonoids and 26 flavonoid glycosides according to literature reports and MS cleavage mechanism. Conclusion:The study comprehensively analyzes the chemical composition of Oroxyli Semen,which is significant to study of the chemical constituents, quality control and material basis of Oroxyli Semen.

Efficacy and survival analysis of first-line and sequential maintenance chemotherapy in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objective To analyse the clinical effect and safety of Alimta (Pemetrexed) combined with cisplatin treatment (PP) on elderly patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 40 cases of NSCLC patients treated with Pemetrexed combined with cisplatin for first-line chemotherapy,and 24 cases of them continually received single Pemetrexed for maintenance treatment (PP + C).Then we compared the results with 35 patients in the non-Pemetrexed regimen (control group) and 26 patients with best supportive care (BSC) in the same period.The adverse reactions and short-term efficacy [response rate (RR),disease control rate (DCR)] were evaluated.Time to progression (TTP),median survival time (MST),one-year and three-year survival rates and follow-up overall survival (OS) were calculated.Results Among 40 patients with Pemetrexed regimen,2 patients had complete remission (CR),and the RR was 47.8％,which was better than 42.8％ (P =0.026) in the control group.The main adverse reactions of pemetrexed regimen were myelosuppression,fatigue,nausea and vomiting,but all were tolerated and no treatment-related death occurred.24 patients received single Pemetrexed maintenance therapy.The MST of the PP + C group was superior to the other groups (P =0.03,P ≤0.05);the median OS of the PP + C group,the control group,and the BSC group reached 13.2,10.4 months and 8.6 months,respectively (P ≤ 0.001).Conclusions For elderly patients with advanced NSCLC,especially adenocarcinoma,the combination of Pemetrexed and cisplatin is a better treatment option.It is convenient to administer and has less toxicity and adverse reactions related to chemotherapy.Patients with better PS score after first-line treatment can obtain longer survival period after maintenance treatment.

NPM1 High Mutant Allele Burden is an Adverse Prognostic Factor for AML Patients with Mutated NPM1 / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical features, accompanying gene mutation characteristics and prognostic factors of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia with mutated NPM1 (NPM1AML).@*METHODS@#Seventy-three patients with newly diagnosed adult NPM1AML were selected. The mutations of 22 genes were detected by second generation sequencing and 43 fusion genes of AML were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox multivariate regression analysis were used to study the prognostic factors.@*RESULTS@#A total of 74 NPM1 site mutations were detected in 73 patients with NPM1AML. The incidence rates were 92.0% L287fs, 2.7% Q289fs and W288fs, 1.4% L258fs and Q289H, among which 1 patient had 2 NPM1 mutations; the different mutation sites had no effect on the prognosis of NPM1AML. The median value of NPM1 variant allele frequency (VAF) was 35.4% (1.8%-56.6%). Based on the uppermost quartile of 38.4%, the patients were classified as NPM1 VAF>38.4% (NPM1AML) and NPM1 VAF≤38.4% (NPM1AML). Compared with NPM1AML, the early mortality rate was statistically significantly higher (33.3% vs 7.3%, P38.4% was an independent prognostic factor for EFS (HR=3.1, 95% CI 1.6-6.4, P<0.01) and OS (HR=3.0, 95% CI 1.4-6.2, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The NPM1 gene mutation in AML patients often is accompanied by other gene mutations, while the coexistence of fusion genes is rare; high NPM1 mutant allele burden is an independent prognostic factor for adult AML patients with mutated NPM1.

Triptolide induces autophagy of ovarian granulosa cells via PI3K/AKT/m TOR pathway / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to observe the concentration,time and mechanism of autophagy induced by triptolide( TP) in ovarian granulosa cells( OGCs). CCK-8 method was used to compare the inhibitory effects of TP at different concentrations on primary cultured rat OGCs and IC50 was calculated. The effects of TP at different concentrations and time points on the expression of OGCs autophagy factor protein and the cascade of PI3 K/AKT/m TOR pathway were detected by Western blot. The effects of TP,autophagy inducer( brefeldin A) and PI3 K/m TOR inhibitor( NVP-BEZ235) on the expression of PI3 K/AKT/m TOR cascade and autophagy related factor protein were detected by Western blot. The results show that the IC50 of different concentrations of TP on OGCs of rat ovary was14. 65 μmol·L-1,and the minimum inhibitory concentration of TP was 0. 1 μmol·L-1( 100 nmol·L-1). Compared with the control group,the expression levels of beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ in each group were significantly higher than those in the control group( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After 12 hours of treatment with TP,brefeldin A and NVP-BEZ235,respectively,compared with the control group,TP could significantly promote the expression level of downstream autophagy effect or molecule beclin1,LC3Ⅱ and inhibit the expression level of LC3Ⅰ,p62 protein( P<0. 05 or P< 0. 01). Moreover,the expression of beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ in TP group was higher than that in brefeldin A group( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01),and the expression of p62 in TP group was lower than that in brefeldin A group( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). At the same time,TP could significantly inhibit the expression of p-PI3 K,p-AKT,p-mTOR protein,and the inhibitory effect of TP was better than that of NVP-BEZ235 group. This study suggests that 100 nmol·L-1 TP could induce OGCs autophagy successfully in cultured rat ovary for 12 h; TP may induce OGCs autophagy by inhibiting PI3 k/Akt/m TOR signaling pathway.

Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association for management guidelines of vacuum sealing drainage application in abdominal surgeries-Update and systematic review / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) is frequently used in abdominal surgeries. However, relevant guidelines are rare. Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association organized a committee composed of 28 experts across China in July 2017, aiming to provide an evidence-based recommendation for the application of VSD in abdominal surgeries. Eleven questions regarding the use of VSD in abdominal surgeries were addressed: (1) which type of materials should be respectively chosen for the intraperitoneal cavity, retroperitoneal cavity and superficial incisions? (2) Can VSD be preventively used for a high-risk abdominal incision with primary suture? (3) Can VSD be used in severely contaminated/infected abdominal surgical sites? (4) Can VSD be used for temporary abdominal cavity closure under some special conditions such as severe abdominal trauma, infection, liver transplantation and intra-abdominal volume increment in abdominal compartment syndrome? (5) Can VSD be used in abdominal organ inflammation, injury, or postoperative drainage? (6) Can VSD be used in the treatment of intestinal fistula and pancreatic fistula? (7) Can VSD be used in the treatment of intra-abdominal and extra-peritoneal abscess? (8) Can VSD be used in the treatment of abdominal wall wounds, wound cavity, and defects? (9) Does VSD increase the risk of bleeding? (10) Does VSD increase the risk of intestinal wall injury? (11) Does VSD increase the risk of peritoneal adhesion? Focusing on these questions, evidence-based recommendations were given accordingly. VSD was strongly recommended regarding the questions 2-4. Weak recommendations were made regarding questions 1 and 5-11. Proper use of VSD in abdominal surgeries can lower the risk of infection in abdominal incisions with primary suture, treat severely contaminated/infected surgical sites and facilitate temporary abdominal cavity closure.

Professor 's academic thoughts and acupoint selection experience for hot flashes / 中国针灸

Professor is a well-known national veteran doctor with over 70 years of clinical experience. He has unique academic thoughts and clinical experience for common diseases and some difficult and complicated diseases. This paper mainly introduces professor 's syndrome-differentiation thought and experience of acupoint selection for hot flashes. It is emphasized that common hot flashes, such as hot flashes and night sweats, are different between and . While regulating and , more attention should be paid to - harmony, which is not only suitable for women's perimenopausal syndrome, but also for a series of clinical diseases caused by refractory drugs such as endocrine therapy after breast cancer surgery. At the same time of acupoint selection based on syndrome differentiation, a more rational prescriptions should be made according to the duration of the disease and the experience acupoints to improve the clinical efficacy.